凌纯声先生的赫哲族田野调查——从现代中国实地调查研究的学术背景谈起

Mr.Ling Chunsheng's Field Investigation of the Hezhe Nationality——Talking from the Academic Background of on-the-spot Investigation and Research of Modern China

凌纯声先生1930年的赫哲族田野调查是中国民族学和人类学界一次科学的实地调查,具有开创性意义。本文从现代中国提倡和注重实地调查研究的学术背景来审视这次田野调查。上世纪20年代后,中国人文社会科学逐渐从吸收传播“西学”向研究中国历史、社会、民族文化转变,朝着“本土化”的方向努力,从而形成了提倡实地调查研究的学术风气,而且中国学者进行了多次学术实践。这次田野调查与那个时代的学术背景密切相关,并且体现出其学术背景。本文还论述了蔡元培先生与这次田野调查的密切关系。

Mr. Ling Chunsheng＇s Field investigation of the Hezhen nationality in 1930 was a scientific and on - the - spot investigation in Chinese ethnology and anthropology circles, which was of creative significance. The article reviewed this investigation from temporary China＇s academic background of advocating and emphasizing on- the- spot investigation and research. Since 1920s, Chinese humanities and social sciences has changed to research Chinese history,society and national culture from absorbing and transmitting western culture so as to form the academic phenomenon of advocating on - the - spot investigation and research, on which Chinese scholars has practiced many times. This field investigation was closely related to and presented the academic background of that time. The article discussed the close relationship between Mr. Cai Yuanpei and the investigation.