雷州半岛地表水体非点源污染物时空变化特征研究

Temporal and spatial variation of NPS pollutants in surface water of Leizhou Peninsula

以雷州半岛为研究区,利用2000—2003年间南渡河与九洲江,以及赤坎水库与鹤地水库的4年常规监测数据,结合实地调查,利用数理统计分析,对雷州半岛地表水体非点源污染物及其时空变化规律进行了初步研究。研究发现,河流与水库的水质均是以氮污染为主,水体有富营养化现象发生,同时,两河流在雨季都不同程度受到了非点源污染的影响,而只有赤坎水库明显受到了非点源污染的影响。究其原因,主要是由于土地利用方式的不同在一定程度上决定了雷州半岛地表水体非点源污染物质量浓度的时空变化特征。因此,只有合理调整流域和库区的土地利用方式、加强区域的水土流失治理工作,才能有效降低非点源污染所带来的地表水体环境污染问题。

In this study, Leizhou Peninsula was chosen as the case study area. The dynamic of predominating pollutants in surface water based on statistical analysis of routine monitoring data from 2000 to 2003 were presented and the origin of those pollutants were discussed. The main results are summarized as follows： Chemical analysis showed that nitrogen was the main contaminant of surface water, and eutrophication was found in all the rivers and reservoirs. Meanwhile, both the two rivers and one reservoir （Chikan reservoir） were affected by non-point source pollution （NPS）. Analysis showed that land use type had an important role in contaminants temporal and spatial distribution in surface water of Leizhou Peninsula. So only need to adjust land use types and strengthen the management of soil erosion in those areas can mitigate the pollution contribution caused by NPS effectively.