降雨观测误差修正方法研究

Study on correction of rainfall observation error

从水文实际情况出发,分析了遥测降雨系统雨量观测资料误差的类型和特点,结合抗差最小二乘法,提出了雨量观测误差的三步修正方法.每一步利用雨量资料误差不同特点,提出不同的权函数进行修正.选用危水水库乌溪沟以上流域1974年—1999年间共28场洪水的暴雨资料,进行统计分析计算,确定三步权函数修正法每一步的权函数.然后用生成的误差系列,进行模拟估计,效果较为理想.该方法简单实用,便于在其他流域上进一步推广应用.

From the viewpoint of hydrological application, the types and characteristic of rainfall observation error in hydrological remote gauging system are analyzed; and a three-stepwise weight function correction method of error for the system is developed on the basis of theory of robustified least square method. Rainfall data of 28 floods between 1974 and 1999 in Wuxigou Basin of Weishui Reservoir are analyzed and calculated; and the weight function of every step are obtained. The method is tested using artificial-produced error series and the results are satisfactory. The method is simple and applicable and can be spread and applied to other basins.