珠江口崖门出海航道骤淤分析

Sudden deposition in Yamen outfall waterway at Zhujiang River Estuary

崖门航道位于黄茅海海域,针对该水域风浪、水流、地形及泥沙特点,从悬移质不平衡输沙方程出发,导出估算挖槽回淤的计算公式;根据实测资料和潮流数值计算决定其中主要参数;根据1990年崖门试挖槽回淤资料确定公式中待定的综合系数.在此基础上估算极端水文条件下不同方案的回淤强度与回淤量,并进行了相应的分析.结果表明:崖门出海航道及其所在水域目前基本处于平衡微淤状态;台风、大潮、大汛同时作用下航道有较大淤积;西航道在大风浪作用下的回淤比东航道要大得多,这在航道选线时应予充分考虑.

The Yamen waterway is located in the Huangmao Sea. In consideration of the characteristics of wind waves, water flow, topography, and sediment in this area, formulas for calculation of the sudden deposition in the waterway were derived from the non-equilibrium sediment transport equations for suspended loads, and the main parameters were determined by numerical simulation of tides and field data. Then, the comprehensive coefficient of the formulas was determined based on the sediment deposition data of the Yamen waterway during a trial dredging process in 1990. With the formulas, the intensity and amount of deposition in different schemes under extreme hydrological conditions were evaluated and analyzed. The results show that the water area of the Yamen waterway is in the slight deposition state, that the coaction of typhoons, tides, and winds intensifies the deposition in the waterway, and that the deposition in the west waterway is more serious than that in the east waterway under the action of wind waves, and the factor should be fully considered in route selection.