车辆路径问题的蚁群算法研究

Study on Ant Colony System for Vehicle Routing Problem

蚁群算法是受自然界中蚁群搜索食物行为启发而提出的一种智能优化算法,通过介绍蚁群觅食过程中基于信息素的最短路径的搜索策略,给出蚁群算法在车辆路径问题中的应用,针对蚁群算法存在的过早收敛问题,引入节省量以及车辆载重利用率两种启发式信息对蚁群算法加以改进,并加入2-opt方法对问题求解进行局部优化,计算机仿真结果表明,这种混合型蚁群算法对求解车辆路径问题有较好的改进效果。

Ant Colony System algorithm has been inspired by the behavior of real ant colonies, in particular, by their foraging behavior. In the paper the authors introduce the main idea of this distributed algorithm which is the indirect communication of ants based on pheromone trails, computer simulation shows that applying a hybrid approach of Ant Colony System with 2-opt method can efficiently find better optimum beyond premature convergence for vehicle routing problem.