农户经营行为的农业面源污染效应及模型分析

Effects of Farm Household's Management Behavior upon Nonpoint Pollution of Agriculture and Model Analysis

从农户层面分析了农户的经营行为对农业面源污染的影响,同时利用环境经济学模型研究了 农业面源污染形成的经济机理,研究表明:中国农户经营行为对农业面源污染有着重要的影响;农业 面源污染负荷可分为三部分,一是来源于生产经营私人利润最大化与社会福利最大化背离的贡献,二 是来源于农户的经营决策机制的贡献,三是来源于政策、制度、技术水平和社会人口压力等因素的贡 献。因此,对于农业面源污染的调控,必须从这三部分贡献源入手,采取针对性的措施。

This article analyses the effect of farm household＇s behavior upon nonpoint pollution of agriculture, at same time the economic mechanism of nonpoiut pollution of agriculture is also discussed by the environmental economics model. The result shows that farm household＇s management behavior has a important influence on nonpoint pollution of agriculture in our country, the load of nonpoint pollution of agriculture can be divided into three parts, one comes from disagreement between private profit maximization and social welfare maximization, the second one comes from decision mechanism of farm household, another comes from the action of policy, institution, technology and population etc. So, to control nonpoint pollution of agriculture efficiently, we should take corresponding measures according to these sources.