成体神经干细胞研究的最新进展

Newest study of adult neural stem cells

目的:成体哺乳动物脑中存在神经干细胞,将其分离出来长期培养具有多能性,探讨成体神经干细胞最新的研究现状。资料来源:应用计算机检索PubMed数据库2000-01/2004-01期间的相关文章,检索词为“adultneuralstemcells”和“mammal”,限定文章语言种类为English。资料选择:对资料进行初审,选择关于哺乳动物中枢神经系统成体神经干细胞部位、来源、分化及转化方面的相关文献,纳入标准:①动物实验。②神经干细胞。排除标准:①综述文献。②重复的同一研究。资料提炼:共收集到25篇关于哺乳动物成体神经干细胞的文章,入选20篇,因为这些文章能包含其他文章的内容,体现了成体干细胞的最新研究进展。资料综合:20篇文献中有10篇是关于成体神经干细胞在中枢神经系统中的存在部位及来源的实验研究,8篇分别通过体内和体外实验观察了成体神经干细胞向神经系统细胞的转化及其诱导因素,另外2篇文献观察了成体神经干细胞在一定条件下向其他细胞的转化。结论:哺乳动物中枢神经系统中存在成体神经干细胞,主要存在于侧脑室室下区和海马齿状回颗粒细胞下层,在多种调控信号的作用下,具有向神经系统细胞分化和向其他细胞转化的潜能。

OBJECTIVE： There are neural stem cells in adult mammal brains, which have muhipotential capacity during long time culture after being isolated. This paper was to study the newest status of adult neural stem cells. DATA SOURCES： A computer-based online search of Pubmed database was undertaken to identify relevant articles published in English published between January 2001 and January 2004, the keywords were “adult neural stem cells, mammal”. STUDY SELECTION： After first trial, the articles related to the position, source, differentiation and transdifferentiation of adult neural stem cells were chosen. Inclusive criteria： ① animal experiment; ② neural stem cells. Exclusive criteria： ① review; ②duplication of one study. DATA EXTRACTION： There .were 25 articles related to mammal adult neural stem cells, among which 20 were selected, because of including the contents of others, and representing the newest research progress of adult neural stem cells. DATA SYNTHESIS： Of the 20 articles, 10 were experimental studies of the position and source of the adult neural stem cells in adult central nervous system, 8 reported the adult neural stem cells differentiating to neural cells and the regulative factors through experiments in vivo and in vitro, and 2 studied the transdifferentiation of adult neural stem cells to other cells. CONCLUSION： There are adult neural stem cells in mammal central nervous system. These stem cells locate in the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricles and the subgranular layer of the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. They may differentiate to neural cells and transdifferentiate to other cells following exposure to different regulate factors.