从《论语》看孔子的教育哲学思想

Confucius Ideas of Educational Philosophy in The Analects Confucius

《论语》一书二十篇是孔门弟子辑录的孔子言行录,也记载着一部分孔子门徒的言行,是我们研究孔子教育哲学思想所依据的主要资料。从《论语》入手分析孔子的教育哲学思想:教育对象,主张有教无类;教育内容,特别重视思想品质和伦理道德教育;教学原则和方法,主张因材施教、启发诱导、学思并重、好学乐学、立志有恒、锲而不舍、学行结合;道德教育思想,主张立志乐道、自省自克、身体力行、改过迁善;主张学而不厌,诲人不倦,平等民主的师生关系以及以身作则、身教重于言教的教师职业素质。

Twenty passages of Confucius and his disciples＇words and deeds recorded by his disciples are included in the book of The Analocts of Confucius, which is a major re.,sourcc of research work on Confucius educational philosophy. Confucius makes no social distinctions in teaching. He pays special stress on ethical and moral education. As for teaching principles and methods, hc holds on the views that students should be elicited and taught in accordance with their aptitudes;they should love and enjoy learning persistently,thinking while learning. Confucius also stands for equal and democratic teacher-students relationships. A teacher should,be declares,make oneself an example and tireless in his teaching while his students should have an insatiable desire to learn. When refers to the ethical and moral eduation,hc has the idea that students should be resolved to learn as well as learn to enjoy learning; they have to learn to correct their own evil doings and revert them into good deeds.