清末民初中日两国的朝鲜族教育政策之一侧面——以“间岛”垦民教育会的教育活动为中心

An Aspect of the Educational Policies of China and Japan to Korean People during the Period from the End of Qing Dynasty to the Beginning of Republic of China

存在于1910—1914年的朝鲜族自治组织———“间岛”垦民教育会(垦教会),在延边地区获得了沟通中国官府与朝鲜族的中介地位,并取得了参与设立官立朝鲜族学校、自己设立学校以及管理私立学校之权限。于是,垦教会在扩大朝鲜族教育机会的基础上,实施爱国(朝鲜)教育,进而促进中国的朝鲜民族同一性的形成。然而,清末民初,正是中国民族国家开始铸造之时,民族主义需要的国家权力必须是没有竞争的权力。在此情况下,垦教会与延吉府之间的冲突随之而起,垦教会被解散。本文考察了垦教会如何对应中国的朝鲜族教育政策的同时,解明了该会如何利用中日两国的矛盾,对朝鲜族实施民族教育问题。

'Jiandao' Educational Society for Cultivating People(JESCP),a Korean organization for autonomy existing in 1910-1914,obtained the media status to communicate China's local government and Korean people. It also acquired the rights to take part in the establishment of Korean schools run by government, self-run schools and manage the private schools. JESCP, based on the enlargement of the educational opportunity of Korean people, implemented the patriotism( to love Korea) in order to further stimulate to form the identity of all Korean people in China. Therefore, the conflict between the JESCP and Yanji government occurred and led to the dissolution of JESCP. This paper reviews how JESCP replied to China's educational policy to Korean people and makes it clear how JESCP to take use of the Sino-Japanese contradiction to educate Korean people.