滇金丝猴资源现状及其保护对策研究

Study on Geographical Distribution， Population，and Conservation Strategy of the Yunnan Snub-nosed Monkey

滇金丝猴是中国特有的珍稀濒危动物，常年生活在海拔３８００－４３００ｍ的原始冷杉林中，是海拔分布最高的非人灵长类。松萝是其主要食物。猴群活动范围可达近百平方公里。其全部现存自然种群只有１３个，数量约为１０００－１５００只，分布在云南金沙江以西至澜沧江以东。所有现在自然种群几乎均处在相互隔离的状态，群间不可能进行基因交流。这充分表明它已到达灭绝边缘。然而其栖息地内的伐木规模的在扩大、周围的人口不断增加、各猴群均面临不同程度的偷猎压力。其保护现状确实令人担忧。本文系统而详尽地阐述了各猴群的保护现状和拯救这一物件的各自然种群所应采取的相应保护措施及步骤。

The Yunnan snub-nosed monkey（Rhinopithecus bieti） is one of the most endangeredanimal species endemic to China.The monkey is definitely associated with fir forest，and its main foodis a lichen（Bryoria nepolensis）．Its home range may be over l00sq. km. It was found that the mon-key is confined to the area between Jinshajiang（upper reaches of the Yangtze River）to the west andLancangjiang（upper reaches the Mekong River）to the east．Total population of the species has beenestimated to be l000-l500 individuals spread in l3 natural groups．All these groups were isolated dueto fragmentation of their habitat，therefore，the genetic diversity in each of the groups or populationswas low. In fact，the habitat is being lost quickly due to the logging and sharply increased human pop-ulation in the area， and its population is being decreased rapidly by poachers． In this paper，conserva-tion status of each of the natural groups has been presented and discussed；a detailed conservation con-sideration for all the natural group of the species has been proposed。