古廖涌黑臭水体生物修复及维护试验

BIOREMEDIATION AND MANAGEMENT OF THE GULIAO RIVER

利用生物氧化塘、底泥生物氧化、水体生物修复和河道生态恢复等技术,对广州市古廖涌黑臭水体进行治理.结果表明,在进水流量5000～8000m3/d的高负荷工业废水和生活污水冲量下,通过生物治理,消除了水体黑臭现象,从上游到下游,水色由暗黄逐步转为黄、黄绿;在上游不断流入污水情况下,CODcr除去率达50%以上,NH3N除去率为70%,H2S除去率达80%以上.从2003年8月到2004年3月,河道生物多样性逐步增加,先后出现枝角类、桡足类动物和鱼类.表明对于暂时无法截污的城郊河道,可以利用废弃的鱼塘、空地等对污水进行预处理,再通过上述措施和技术进行生物治理,可取得良好治理效果.本研究为城市黑臭河道,特别是暂时无法截污的城郊河道的治理和养护提供了一套切实可行的方法.

Biological oxidation pond, biological oxidation of sediment and bioremediation of river water were combined and applied to control the pollution of the Guliao River in Baiyun District, Guangzhou. The result showed that the black color and odors in the upper reaches of the river could be eliminated with the hydraulic load of the industrial wastewater and domestic sewerage as high as 5 000 - 8 000 m^3/d. The color of the river water was changed gradually from yellow in the upper river into yellow - green in the lower river, where the removal efficiencies of CODcr, NH3-N and H2S were above 50% , 70% and 80% , respectively. It indicated that the biodiversity of the river was also recovered, and cladocera, copepoda and fishes were gradually found in the river. This study showed that the combined process including biological oxidation of sediment, aeration, and bioremediation of river water based on biological pretreatment using abandoned fish ponds or land could effectively eliminate black color and odors of polluted river. This process would be a feasible technology to control the pollution of urban river, when the cut - off wastewater engineering was not available for the lack of fund. Fig 3, Ref 18