黄河三角洲垦利县可持续土地利用评价及对策研究

Evaluation and countermeasure of sustainable land use of Kenli County in Yellow River Delta

选取34个自然、环境和社会经济指标,采用相关分析和模糊数学原理对研究区的可持续土地利用进行了评价。结果表明,研究区可持续土地利用性在1986—2003年期间逐渐提高。通过计算障碍度详细分析了研究区可持续土地利用的障碍因素。人均农业总产值、粮食单产、芦苇地占地率、农业用地率是可持续土地利用的主要障碍因素。芦苇地占地率在1996年以后始终是第一障碍因素。人均农业总产值的限制主要出现在1998年之前,之后对可持续土地利用未构成障碍。粮食单产和农业用地率的影响主要出现在1996年以后。林草覆盖率、公顷耕地农机总动力和农村电气化水平在一半以上的年份对可持续土地利用构成障碍。在1994年之前,农民人均收入障碍度较大,是主要的障碍因素。最后根据障碍因素的分析提出了可持续土地利用的对策。

This paper has chosen 34 indexes to evaluate the sustainability of land use, including nature, environment and social economic. The results gained from our research indicate that the sustainability of land use in the areas under the study has gradually been improved during 1986-2003. According to the calculation of the obstacle degree we have made a detailed analysis of the obstacle factors in the use, such as the per capita farming gross output, per unit area grain yield, reed land rate, and the farm land rate, etc. While the reed rate has been taken as the most important obstacle factor since 1996, the restriction of the per capita farm gross output mainly arose before 1998, which did not constitute the whole set of the obstacle factors for the sustainable land use later. At the same time, per-unit area grain yield and the farm land rate problem has mainly appeared since 1996. As to the forest grass coverage rate, per hectare cultivated land, farming mechanization power and rural electrified level have also turned to be the obstacles to the use in the interim between the two periods. However, before 1994, per farming capita income obstacle had been relatively serious and thus taken as the main obstacle factor. According to the factor analysis of the obstacle, we have also proposed some countermeasures for the corresponding sustainable land use program.