麦弗逊悬架运动学分析与结构参数优化

Kinematical Analysis and Structural Parameter Optimization of McPherson Suspension

基于空间机构运动学和数值计算方法,运用瞬心法和坐标变换建立了麦弗逊悬架空间几何与运动学特性的关系,给出了分析麦弗逊悬架运动学特性的数学模型,并利用遗传算法对麦弗逊悬架进行了结构参数优化。研究结果表明,该方法可以明显地改善悬架的运动学特性,提高汽车的操纵稳定性,减少轮胎磨损,提高其使用寿命。

Kinematical characteristic of McPherson suspension that affects vehicle＇s performances such as steering characteristics, handling qualities, riding comfort and service life of tire depend on how well the structural parameters of McPherson suspension were identified. Using the method of instantaneous center and coordinate transformation the relationship between spatial geometry, kinematical characteristic of McPherson suspension was analyzed based on the spatial kinematics and numerical calculation. In order to analyze the suspension kinematics characteristics, a mathematical model was built, and optimized the structure of McPherson suspension by using the genetic algorithms method. The optimization results showed that GA methods were flexible and powerful search techniques for obtaining a better and a more realistic solution compared to the classical optimization techniques and it is improved compared with the conventional designs.