喉癌术后患者发生气道并发症的原因分析及护理对策

Reasons and Nursing Interventions for Post-operative Airway Complications of Patients with Laryngeal Cancer

目的总结喉癌手术患者气道并发症的发生原因及护理对策,为该类型并发症的临床护理提供参考经验。方法对我科近10年所行875例喉癌手术患者的病史及随访资料进行回顾,对其中发生的45例次气道并发症进行分析,总结护理经验。结果气道并发症的原因包括脱管、气囊移位、痰痂阻塞气道、气道感染、气管黏膜损伤和造口回缩致自行清洗后不能置入等,采取各自针对性的护理均可以解决和预防,无严重后果发生。结论气道并发症的严密观察和良好护理在喉癌的外科治疗过程中十分重要。

Objective To investigate the factors which were related with airway complications after surgery for laryngeal cancer so as to provide reference for nursing care for patients with this kind of disease. Methods All nursing data of airway complications of 45 cases among the 875 patients undergoing surgeries for laryngeal cancer during recent 10 years were analyzed retrospectively. Results The reasons for airway complications included ： duct-dropped, balloon-swirled, duct obstruction, airway infection, mucosa injury, and tracheostomy retraction. These complications can be prevented or treated through appropriate clinical nursing interventions. Conclusion Promptly observation and nursing interventions are vital to the success of surgical treatment for laryngectomy.