从《周易》“神”的观念看轴心期文明的转型

Civilization Transformation in Axial Period on the Concept of "Divinity" in the Book of Changes

《易经》与《易传》作为各自时代不同的思想精髓,各有其鲜明的思想特色。《易经》中的“神”有着独特的宗教色彩,在很大程度上体现着神的本义。《易传》中的“神”却被拉下了神圣的祭坛,慢慢地向“圣”靠拢,走上了神格下降的道路。之所以发生了这种转变,不假外求,从《周易》自身中就可以找到答案,德性因素发挥了至关重要的作用。由此也可感受到两种不同文明气质发生碰撞的火花。

Iqing and Commentary on Iqing have their own distinct characteristics of thoughts as the kemel of thoughts in different time period. The “divinity” in Iqing has its own particular religious colors, to a great extent embodying the original meaning of divinity. But in Commentary on Iqing, the “divinity” is pulled down from altar and gradually closes to being “saint” on the descending way of godhood. The reasons for this change maybe found in The Book of Changes proper, as the elements of the ethics play an ultimately important role. Thus the sparks by the collision between two different civilizations in temperaments may be perceived.