我国团体心理咨询的发展:回顾与展望

The Development of Group Counseling in China: Review and Prospect

团体心理咨询是一门以心理学为基础的专业助人知识、理论与技术。由于团体心理咨询的独特之处和肯定的效果,在国外及我国的港台地区已得到广泛的发展,应用于学校、企业、医院、社区、司法等各个领域。与西方团体心理咨询近百年的发展历史相比,我国大陆仅有十几年的实践与经验。文章回顾了团体心理咨询在我国发展的历程、不同阶段的特点,以及未来的发展趋势;探讨了目前团体领导者训练中存在的问题;提出了团体领导者接受更加专业的教育且与成员之间在促进改变和促成支持方面的可行方法。尽管团体心理咨询在我国发展的时间尚短,对于团体心理咨询基本理论的探索仍缺乏,对团体心理咨询的实践研究也不足,团体领导者的培训还不规范和系统。但是,作者深信,团体心理咨询在和谐社会构建中有着广阔的发展空间。

Group counseling is a kind of specific psychological theory, knowledge and technology. Group counseling has been developed in abroad for many years because of its obvious practical effects. It has been used in many different fields such as schools, corporations, hospitals, communities and justices in Western countries. Comparing with the long history of group counseling in Western countries, it has onlya very short history in China. This paper reviews the developing process of group counseling, and also predicted its future in China, explores both the training issues, and improving methods of group members. Because of its short history in China, group counseling still lacks necessary theoretical and empirical supports. However, we believe that it will develop well in future China.