多层螺旋CT在肋骨微细骨折诊断中的应用价值

The value of multislice helical CT in the diagnosis of the rib micro-fracture

目的探讨多层螺旋CT薄层重建及曲面重组技术在诊断肋骨微细骨折中的实用价值。方法对38例临床怀疑肋骨骨折而常规X线平片显示阴性的病例,应用多层螺旋CT扫描并行薄层重建及曲面重组观察。由CT室3组医师分别对常规5mm层厚、1mm层厚横断图像及曲面重组图像进行分析。结果(1)3组医师应用1mm层厚横断图像及曲面重组图像均确诊26例59根肋骨骨折,另12例未见骨折。3组医师对常规5mm层厚图像的肋骨骨折诊断准确度分别为86.4%、89.8%、94.9%。(2)26例肋骨骨折中单纯左侧肋骨骨折12例、右侧肋骨骨折11例,双侧肋骨骨折3例。(3)按骨折程度分为完全性肋骨骨折18根和不完全性肋骨骨折41根。在18根完全性肋骨骨折中断端错位均不超过2个皮质宽度。结论不完全性肋骨骨折及无明显移位的完全性肋骨骨折应用X线平片准确诊断困难,薄层重建及曲面重组技术可及时、准确诊断不同程度的肋骨骨折,曲面重组图像清晰、直观地完整显示了肋骨结构及肋骨骨折的位置、形态及程度。

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of MSCT with thin-section reconstruction and curved multiplanar reformation of rib micro-fracture. Methods Thirty-eight patients suspected ribs fracture by clinical examination, which had negative appearance in X-ray film, were performed with MSCT scan with thin-section reconstructed and curved multiplanar reformation. The imaging of 5 mm, 1 mm thickness and curved reformatted imags were analysed by three groups of radiologists respectively. Results Of the 38 patients, 26 patients were demonstrated ribs fracture with 1 mm thin-section reconstructed and curved multiplanar reformatted CT imaging, which were classified as complete fracture in 18 ribs and incomplete fracture in 41 ribs. The ends of the fractures displacement located within a distance of double-thickness of the cortex of the complete ribs fracture. With 5 mm thickness imaging, the accuracy of the diagnosis was 86. 4%, 89.8% and 94.9% by three groups radiologists, respectively. Conclusion The rib fracture is very common in clinic, the incomplete and non evident displacement complete ribs fracture are difficult to be diagnosed by plain radiography. The MSCT can produce a large range volume information scan. Thin-section reconstructed and curved multiplanar reformatted imaging should be the effective method in diagnosis of ribs fracture. The total rib pattern and location, extend of all the ribs fracture in this cases can be displayed in one scan by the curved multiplanar reformatted imaging.