Toll样受体信号传导途径的研究进展

Research Progress in Toll-like Receptor Signal Pathways

Toll样受体家族(Toll-like receptors,TLRs)成员在固有免疫反应,尤其是调节吞噬细胞(如巨噬细胞等)特异性识别微生物病原体抗原,分泌促炎细胞因子,上调共刺激分子,并诱导机体适应性免疫反应抗微生物病原体感染中发挥重要调控作用,被称为机体固有免疫和适应性免疫调节中的辅助受体(adjuvantreceptor)。目前,对Toll样受体家族成员调控免疫反应信号传导途径的研究已成为分子免疫学领域的研究热点,认为主要存在髓样分化蛋白88(MyD88,是一种转接蛋白)依赖性和MyD88非依赖性两条主要调控途径。本文仅就Toll样受体信号传导途径的研究进展作以简要综述。

Members of Toll-like receptors （TLRs） family play an important role in the innate immunity, especially in the defending microbial pathogen infection through regulating phagocytic cells, such as macrophages. It can specially recognize microbial pathogen antigens, induce proinflammatory cytokine expression and upregulate costimulatory molecules and subsequently lead to effective adaptive immunity. So, TLRs are referred as adjuvant receptors in the regulation of innate and adaptive immunity. Recently, research on TLRs signal pathways has become a focus in molecular immunology field. It is believed that there are two pathways in TLRs regulation, MyD88-dependent and MyD88-independent pathways. This review will focus on the research progress in TLRs signal pathways.