温度对双纹须歧角螟生长发育和繁殖的影响

Effects of temperature on development and reproduction of Trichophysetis cretacea (Butler) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

在室内研究了温度对双纹须歧角螟Trichophysetis cretacea(Butler)生长发育及繁殖的影响。结果表明,在19～31℃范围内,双纹歧角螟的发育速率随着温度的升高而加快;当温度超过31℃时,发育速率减慢。在各虫态中,蛹期的存活受温度变化的影响最大,35℃时蛹全部死亡。19℃、23℃、27℃、31℃和35℃下的世代存活率分别为87.1%、83.0%、85.2%、70.1%和0%。卵、幼虫、预蛹、蛹及从卵至成虫的发育起点温度分别为9.08℃、8.95℃、7.80℃、9.09℃和8.86℃,有效积温分别为62.4、122.0、16.0、108.1和309.1日.度。成虫的寿命随温度的升高而缩短,27℃时成虫的产卵量最高,平均为91.3粒。19℃、23℃、27℃和31℃条件下,实验种群的净生殖率分别为31.0、41.8、46.7、0.8,内禀增长率分别为0.0813、0.1439、0.1710、-0.0094,平均世代周期分别为42.2、26.3、23.1和19.2天。

The growth, development and reproduction of Trichophysetis cretacea （Butler） were studied at five temperatures （19℃ , 23℃, 27℃ , 31 ℃ , and 35℃ ） in the laboratory. The results showed that the developmental rate of Trichophysetis cretacea increased with the rise of temperature from 19℃ to 31℃, and varied slightly at higher temperatures. The pupal stage was most sensitive to temperature change compared with other developmental stages, and all pupae died at 35℃. The generation survival rate was 87.1%, 83.0%, 85.2%, 70.1%, and 0% at above five temperatures respectively. The developmental threshold temperature required for egg, larva, prepupa, pupa and egg-aduh was 9.08℃ , 8.95℃, 7.80℃, 9.09℃, and 8.86%, while the effective accumulated temperature was 62.4, 122.0, 16.0, 108.1, and 309.1 degree-day, respectively. Adult longevity shortened with the temperature increasing. The number of eggs laid per female was highest （91.3） at 27℃ . At the temperatures of 19℃, 23℃ , 27℃, and 31℃, the net reproductive rate （R0 ） of the laboratory population was 31.0, 41.8, 46.7, and 0.8, the intrinsic rate of natural increase （ rm ） was 0.0813, 0. 1439, 0.1710, and - 0.0094, and the mean generation time was 42.2, 26.3, 23.1, and 19.2 days, respectively.