小鼠囊胚的细胞凋亡:体内发育和体外培养的比较(英文)

Apoptosis in mouse blastocysts: comparison between in vitro and in vivo development

小鼠胚体外培养到囊胚期的成功率很高,但质量是否能及体内发育的囊胚还不太清楚。细胞的数量和凋亡程度是胚胎质量鉴定的重要指标。本文采用TUNEL法分别对2-、8-细胞和桑椹胚培育成的鼠囊胚及体内发育而成的鼠囊胚细胞凋亡情况进行了检验。结果表明90%以上的2-、8-细胞及桑椹胚经过72h、48h和24h的培养发育到囊胚期。由桑椹胚发育成的与体内发育成的囊胚细胞凋亡指数没有显著差异,但由2-、8-细胞胚培育成的囊胚细胞凋亡指数显著高于体内发育成的囊胚。由此可见,体外长时间培养会增加胚胎的细胞凋亡程率。为培养出高质量的囊胚,胚胎培养条件还需进一步改善。

Techniques for in vitro production of embryos have been developed world-wide in different species. Currently, thousands of human IVF-babies and large numbers of in vitro produced calves are born each year. With current methods for bovine in vitro fertilization, about 30%-40% of in vitro fertilized bovine oocytes can develop further to the blastocyst stage and can be used for transfer. Mice, a very important species used in embryological experiments, have also been studied world-wide. Many studies indicated that mouse embryos could develop into blastocysts at a high rate in vitro （Erbach et al., 1994; Hoet al., 1995; Liu et al., 2002）. However, it is not clear whether these in vitro cultured blastocysts have the same high quality as those developing in vivo.