电针对脑梗塞大鼠缺血半影区微血管和神经细胞超微结构的影响

The effect of electric acupuncture on the capillary and the ultrastructure of neuron in the ischemic penumbra of infracted rats

目的从微血管和神经细胞超微结构角度为电针治疗脑梗塞作用机制提供形态学实验依据。方法将清洁级SD雄性大鼠用线栓法制作脑梗塞模型,随机分为电针治疗组、非治疗组及假手术对照组。用光镜和透射电镜方法,研究顶叶皮质缺血半影区微血管数(MVC)和神经细胞超微结构的差异,对比分析电针治疗组与非治疗组大鼠的组间差异以及治疗组在不同时间点的差异。结果(1)电针治疗组与非治疗组组间比较,电针治疗组大鼠顶叶皮质缺血半影区微血管数明显增高,差异有显著性(P<0.01);(2)电针治疗组组内比较,电针治疗14d组顶叶皮质缺血半影区MVC比7d组明显增高,差异有显著性(P<0.01);7d组与1d组比较也有显著性增高(P<0.05);(3)非治疗组:电镜下可见神经细胞水肿明显,染色质凝集成块或溶解,线粒体明显肿胀、空泡化,线粒体嵴变形扭曲,甚至断裂或消失;(4)电针治疗组:电镜下可见大部分神经细胞结构完整,线粒体丰富,但仍可见到部分线粒体轻度水肿,呈球状,少数嵴断裂或消失。结论电针是治疗脑梗塞的一种有效手段,其机制可能与促进微血管新生、侧支循环重建,从而起到保护缺血半影区神经细胞超微结构有关。

Objective To explore the morphological mechanism of acupuncture after middle cerebral artery occlusion （MCAO）. Methods MCAO model was maked with intraluminal thread approach, which were randomly divided into three groups, the acupuncture-treated group, untreated group and sham-operation control group. Changes of microvascular count （MVC） and neuronal ultrastructure in cortex of parietal lobe were observed with light microscope and electron microscope by the end of 1st day, 7th day and 14th day after model. Results parietal lobe was found between acupunctured-treated group and （1） Significant difference of microvascular count in cortex of untreated group （P〈0.01）, the former was much higher than the latter. （2）Significant difference of microvascular count in cortex of parietal lobe was found among acupunctured-treated group, the 14 day group was much higher than the 7 day group （P〈0.01）, and the 7 day group was also much higher than the 1 day group （P〈0.01）. （3）Untreated group： Neurons were edema, chromatin were coagulated to block or lysis; mitochondrion were swelling, presenting a big blank region, crista deformed, even breaked or disappeared under transmission telectron microscope. （4）Acupuncture-treated group： Neurons were normal, chromatin well-distributed; mitochondrion were plenty and normal, but some were edema gently, presenting spherical shape, a few crista breaked or disappeared under transmission electron microscope. Conclusion Acupuncture is an effective treatment on cerebral ishcemia, which mechanism may be accelerating angiogenesis, reconstructing collateral circulation and protecting neuron ultrastructure.