重度真菌性角膜炎经治疗性角膜移植术后再次光学性角膜移植的临床效果

Optical penetrating keratoplasty in eyes with severe keratomycosis after therapeutic keratoplasty

目的探讨重度真菌性角膜炎在用冰冻保存的供体角膜行治疗性角膜移植术后,再次施行光学性角膜移植的临床效果。方法选择1995年5月至2002年5月期间于邵逸夫医院就诊的35例(35只眼)重度真菌性角膜炎患者,在用冰冻保存的供体角膜行治疗性角膜移植至少经过6个月后,再接受光学性角膜移植。若合并并发性白内障,则同时联合施行白内障囊外摘除和人工晶状体植入术。观察患眼手术并发症、术后视力、排斥反应及植片透明等情况。结果35只眼中18只眼行单纯的光学性角膜移植,另17只眼同时联合白内障囊外摘除和人工晶状体植入术。手术过程均顺利。术后经6.8～36.8(15.7±7.6)个月的随访,32只眼植片保持透明,3只眼因排斥反应植片混浊。24只眼术后最佳矫正视力等于或好于0.4,32只眼最佳矫正视力等于或好于0.1,3只眼低于0.1。术中及术后35只患眼未见其他并发症。结论重度真菌性角膜炎患眼经过冰冻保存的供体角膜行治疗性角膜移植术后,再次施行光学性角膜移植,术后并发症少,可维持较高的植片透明率和较理想的视力。

Objective To observe and evaluate secondary optical penetrating keratoplasty（PKP） in the eyes with severe keratomycosis after therapeutic keratoplasty using cryopreserved donor tissue. Method There were 35 eyes in 35 cases for whom therapeutic PKP using cryopreserved donor tissue had been carried out to treat severe fungal keratitis. At least 6 months after the PKP, when the fungal infection had been eradicated and ocular inflammation had resolved, a secondary optical penetrating keratoplasty was further performed for visual rehabilitation. If the crystal lens was found to be opaque, it was also simultaneously removed through extracapsular cataract removal with an IOL implantation. Surgical or postoperative complications, visual outcome, graft rejection episode, and graft survival were analyzed. Results Among 35 eyes, 18 eyes received optical PKP only, and 17 received combined optical PKP with ECCE and IOL implantation. During the follow-up period of 6. 8-36. 8 （ 15.7 ± 7. 6 ） months after optical PKP, 3 eyes experienced graft failure due to immunologic rejection and 32 retained clear grafts. Postoperative visual acuity was 0.4 or better in 24 eyes, and 0. 1 or better in 32 eyes, and less than 0. 1 in 3 eyes. Conclusions Optical PKP performed in the eyes after therapeutic PKP due to severe fungal keratitis can recover satisfactory visual acuity, with low frequency of graft rejection, long-term graft survival and few complications.