多胺与板栗花性别分化的关系

Relationship between Floral Sex Differentiation and Polyamines in Chestnut

研究了板栗花性别分化期内源多胺含量变化以及外源多胺对板栗花性别分化的影响。结果表明,在板栗雄花分化期,抽生结果枝的芽内源腐胺和亚精胺含量高于抽生营养枝的芽;在板栗雌花分化期,抽生结果枝的芽和抽生营养枝的芽内源多胺含量变化基本一致,内源腐胺含量在萌芽前降至最低后到萌芽时升至较高水平,内源亚精胺和精胺含量在萌芽前均略有上升,到萌芽时迅速升至较高水平;在雄花分化期和雌花分化期,抽生结果枝的芽均以亚精胺含量变化幅度最大,腐胺次之,精胺最小。板栗雌花分化期施用外源多胺,外源腐胺对花芽分化(尤其是雌花分化)有显著抑制作用,亚精胺对雌花分化有促进作用。

Changes of the endogenous polyamines contents during chestnut floral sex differentiation and influence of exogenous polyamines in floral sex differentiation were studied in this report. The results showed that during the period of physiological development in the process of male flowers differentiation, the content of endogenous putrescine （Put） and endogenous spermidine （Spd） in the buds on fruit branches were higher than that in the buds on nutrition branches. During the period of female flowers differentiation, the changes of contents of three endogenous polyamines were similar in the buds on fruit branches and the buds on nutrition branches. After dropping to the least before germinating, the content of endogenous Put increased to relatively higher level in the period of germination. After a littie rising up, the content of endogenous Spd and spermine （Spm） increased to a higher level rapidly. During the period of male flowers and female flowers differentiation, changes of Spd content were the largest, Put the second, and Spm the smallest. The results of application of exogenous polyamines showed that exogenous Put significantly inhibited bud differentiation, especially female flowers differentiation, and exogenous Spd promoted female flowers differentiation.