海湾扇贝部分细胞免疫功能初步研究

Preliminary study of cellular immunological parameters in the scallop Argopecten irradians

利用光镜、扫描电镜和透射电镜技术对海湾扇贝(Argopecten irradians)血细胞与细胞免疫功能进行了初步研究.结果表明,健康扇贝血淋巴中血细胞的平均密度为(3.75±0.65)×107cell/ml,病贝为(3.16±0.38)×107cell/ml.颗粒细胞中的颗粒可分成三种类型:Ⅰ型颗粒、Ⅱ型颗粒和Ⅲ型颗粒.用APIZYM试剂盒在健康扇贝血浆中检测到14种酶,在血细胞中检测到12种酶.血细胞对大肠杆菌和对RLO的吞噬率分别为31.36%和24.17%.颗粒细胞的吞噬活性(41.34%～48.62%)大于透明细胞的吞噬活性(9.26%～11.22%).病原菌感染和温度、盐度等环境胁迫因素对血细胞的吞噬活性具有不同程度的影响.本文首次对海湾扇贝细胞免疫功能作较系统的报道.

Light, scanning electron and transmission electron microscopical studies were carried out to characterize the haemocytes and several parameters associated with cellular immunity in the scallop Argopecten irradians. The hemocyte densities in healthy and diseased scallop hemolimph were assessed to be （3.75 ± 0.65） ×10^7 cell/ml and （3.16 ± 0.38） ×10^7 cell/ml, respectively. Three types of granule in granulocytes could be distinguished into type Ⅰ , Ⅱ and Ⅲ The assays of APIZYM on enzymatic activities of 19 enzymes in hemolimph were performed. 14 and 12 enzymes were detected in plasma and cells, respectively. The results of phagocytosis revealed that phagocytic abilities for E. coli and RLOs were 31.36% and 24.17%, respectively. The phagocytic ability of granulocyte which ranged from 41.34% to 48.62% was significantly higher than that of hyalinocyte which ranged from 9.22 % to 11.26 %. The study of influence of environmental stress factors on phagocytic activity revealed that the stress of pathogen infection and lower temperature could reduce the phagocytic activity.