第二松花江下游居民发汞水平及影响因素分析

Human Hair Mercury Levels in the Residents Living along the Second Songhuajiang River and the Influencing Factors

20世纪60年代第二松花江汞污染十分严重.为了解第二松花江流域的环境现状,在第二松花江下游的五家站镇收集了250名居民的头发样品,用冷蒸气原子吸收法测定头发样品中的总汞含量.头发样品中w(总汞)为0.110～116.634 mg/kg,平均为2.205 mg/kg.在250份样品中,有77人头发中总汞(简称发汞)含量超过了美国环境保护局制定的1mg/kg的限值,占总人数的30.8%,说明在第二松花江下游地区仍有人群发生汞中毒的风险.在影响发汞含量的因素中,发汞含量与性别、年龄、身高、体重没有相关关系;经常吃鱼人群的发汞含量大于不常吃鱼人群;吸烟、饮酒、染发人群的发汞含量分别高于不吸烟、不饮酒、未染发人群.

The mercury pollution in the Second Songhuajiang River was very serious in 1960s. In order to understand the current environmental status in the Second Songhuajiang River basin, 250 hair samples were collected from residents in Wujia Town in the downstream of the Second Songhuajiang River. The total mercury content in hair samples was detected by cold vapor atomic absorption （CVAA） method. The range of the total mercury contents was 0.110- 116.634 mg/kg and the average value was 2.205 mg/kg. There were 77 persons whose hair mercury contents exceeded 1 mg/kg, or the limit value established by US EPA, and the percentage of those to the total samples was 30.8% . That suggested that there was still mercury-poisoning risk for the residents in the Second Songhuajiang River downstream region. Among all the factors influencing human hair mercury content, the gender, age, height and weight have no relationship with the hair mercury content. The hair mercury content from those who often eat fish is greater than that from those who do not eat fish frequently. The hair mercury content from smokers, alcohol drinkers and those who often do hair coloring is greater than that from those who do not smoke, drink alcohol and do hair coloring.