腋窝淋巴结移植的应用解剖

Applied Anatomy for the Transplantation of Axillary Lymph Nodes

目的通过对腋窝淋巴结血供的研究,探索腋窝淋巴结移植的可行性。方法用15具(30侧)成人灌注乳胶的尸体,观察了腋窝各群淋巴结的血供及数量,测量了营养各群淋巴结的血管口径和血管干长。结果外侧群淋巴结数量为(3.16±1.72)个,血供属多源性且不恒定;前群淋巴结数量为(3.83±1.79)个,营养血管主要为胸外侧动脉的分支,其外径(1.04±0.42)mm,干长(29.5±12.25)mm;后群淋巴结数量为(2.38±0.97)个,血管来源于肩胛下动脉的淋巴结支,其外径为(0.78±0.32)mm,干长(18.78±8.67)mm;中央群淋巴结数量为(4.05±1.95)个,血管来源于腋动脉的分支,其外径均在1 mm以下,干长20 mm以上;尖群淋巴结数量为(2.82±1.96)个,营养血管为胸肩峰动脉的分支,外径为(0.79±0.29)mm,干长(10.60±4.13)mm。结论腋窝淋巴前群为吻合血管淋巴结移植的理想供区。

Objective To provide the applied anatomical date for the transplantation of axillary lymph nodes, Methods The morphology and blood supply of axillary lymph nodes were observed and measured on 30 sides of 15 adult cadavers, Results （ 1 ） The average number of the lateral lymph nodes was 3, 61 ± 1, 72. Their vascular origins were multiple and variable. （ 2 ） The average number of anterior lymph nodes was 3.83 ± 1.79, Their blood supply originated from the branches of lateral thoracic artery, whose mean diameter and length were 1,04 ~±0.42 and 29.5 ± 12.25 （mm） respectively. （ 3 ） The average number of posterior lymph node was 2.38 ± 0.97. Their blood supply originated from the lymph node branch of subscapular artery, whose length and mean diameter were respectively 18.78 ± 8.67 and 0.78 ± 0.32 （mm）. （4） The average number of central lymph nodes was 4, 05 ± 1.95. Their blood supply originated from axillary artery whose mean diameter was less than 1 mm. （5） The average number of apical lymph nodes was 2.82 ± 1.96. Their blood supply originated from the branches of thoracoacromial artery whose mean diameter was 0.79 ± 0.29 mm and length was 10.60 ± 4.13 mm. Conclusion Anterior axillary lymph node part is the good donor area for the vascular lymph node graft.