柴达木荒漠地带生态建设规划与模式设计——以德令哈市荒漠类退化草场建设为例

Approach to Planning of Ecological Building and Pattern Design for Chaidamu Desert Area

以柴达木盆地德令哈市为例,对荒漠土地的特点、生态建设中存在的问题及生态环境退化原因进行了系统分析,认为建设与治理要遵循自然规律,因地制宜,科学规划。以土地适宜性评价为突破口,开发利用当地植物资源;结合当地自然条件,在通用的镶嵌法和林草复合法的基础上,对建设模式又作了精心设计,特别是在退化草场原生植被的保护上创造性地采用了团-带-鱼鳞格镶嵌法,建设效果和生态功能均有一定提高,从而为建设柴达木荒漠化草场奠定了基础。

The paper systematically analyzes the characteristic of desert land,existing problems in ecological building and degenerate causation of ecological environment by taking Delingha City in the Chaidamu Basin as an example.It considers that the construction and management should be scientifically planned in line with local conditions and follows the natural law.It develops and utilizes the local plant resources by taking the land adaptability evaluation as breach;meticulous designs the model combining with the local natural conditions and based on the universal methods of inlaying and composition of trees and grasses,especially adopts the inlaying method of lump-belt-fish scales in creativeness on the protection of protophyte for degenerate pasture,increasing both the building effects and ecological function to a certain degree and laying a solid foundation for building Chaidamu desertification pasture.