RS和GIS支持下农业非点源污染模型研究评述

Study and Comment on Agricultural Non-Point Pollution Model with the Support of RS and GIS

农业非点源污染主要由降雨径流、土壤侵蚀、地表溶质溶出和土壤溶质渗漏4个过程形成。从数据获取和数据处理两方面分析了农业非点源污染模型研究中引入RS和G IS技术的必要性和可行性,总结了模型与RS、G IS的集成主要表现为3个层次,在此基础上提出引入空间决策支持系统是集成研究的发展方向,将目前模型与RS、G IS集成方式概括为松散集成、紧密集成和完全集成3种,阐述了每种集成方式的实现方法和难易程度。综合叙述和展望了国内外农业非点源污染模型与RS、G IS集成研究取得的成果和最新研究进展,分析了集成研究面临的问题,对其中的主要问题如模型验证、运算效率以及模型与G IS匹配问题进行了深入探讨并且提出了解决的办法。

Agricultural non-point pollution is formed by 4 processes of rainfall runoff,soil erosion,surface solution stripping and soil solution seepage.The paper analyzes the necessity and feasibility for introducing the techniques of RS and GIS in the model study of agricultural non-point pollution based on the two aspects of data collection and processing,summarizes the integration of model with RS and GIS,mainly showing on three levels,puts forward that introducing spatial decision making support system is the orientation of development for integration study,summarizes the present integration of model with RS and GIS into three types of loose integration,close integration and complete integration and elaborates achieving method and degree of difficulty of each integration.It introduces the achievements of integration study on agricultural non-point pollution model both at home and abroad with RS and GIS in a comprehensive way,analyzes the facing problem for the integration study,deeply approaches the main issues,such as model verification,operational efficiency and the matching of model with GIS and puts forward solutions.