青少年孤独感的特点及其与人格、家庭功能的关系

Relationship Between the Teenager’s Sense of Isolation and the Function of Personality and Family

采用问卷法调查了北京和西安1317名青少年孤独感的特点及其与家庭功能、人格五因素的关系。结果发现:青少年孤独感的性别和年级差异显著,男生高于女生,高一年级高于其他年级;孤独感的年级差异主要由人格上的差异来解释;聚类分析表明,人格五因素和家庭功能均可分为三种类型,且不同人格类型和家庭功能类型的个体在孤独感各维度的得分差异显著;在家庭功能、人格、孤独感三者的关系中,人格与孤独感的关系更为密切,人格在家庭功能与孤独感间起部分中介作用。

By means of questionaire, this study investigated 1,317 teenagers m Beijing ano Xi＇an with regard to the teenager＇s sense of isolation, family function, and the relationship among the factors of personlity. The results show that the sense of isolation of teenagers differs remarkably in sex and grade, and the boy＇ s sense of isolation is higher than the girl＇s, and Grade One＇s higher than other grades＇. And the difference in personality accounts for this difference of sense of isolation if grade. A paradigmatic analysis demonstrates that the five factors of personality and family function can both be classified into five types. The scores of different dimentions of individual sense of isolation tend to noticeably different according to different types of personality and family function. For connections between family function, personality, and sense of isolation, personality is more immediately related with the sense of isolation, which serves in part as medium between family function and sense of isolation.