出生缺陷发病因素的流行病学配对调查

An Epidemiological Paired-matching Survey on Etiological Factors of Inborn-defect

1986年10月1日～1987年9月30日全省抽样调查30所医院,共分娩新生儿44238例,其中缺陷儿411例(9.29‰)。对其发病因素进行配对调查,结果出生缺陷的发生与产次,孕头3月内感冒发热、用药、接触化学毒物、噪音影响、合并内科疾病,多种因素协同作用,家族聚集及孕前男方大量吸烟等因素有密切关系(P<0.01)。长期噪音影响引起的缺陷儿中58.5％为肌肉、骨骼系统多发性畸形。居住山区、丘陵、平原的出生缺陷发生率分别为14.58‰、9.48‰及7.95‰。

From October 1st, 1986 to September 30 rd, 1987, 44 238 newborns sampled from obstetrical departments of 30 hospitals of Hubei Province were investigated. Of them 411 were those with defects, with an incidence of 9.29‰. The etiological factors contributing to inborn-defects were studied by paired matching. The results showed that the occurrence of inborn-defects was closely related to parity, gravida's catching of cold with fever, medication, exposure to toxic chemicals and noise, pregnancy complicated by internal diseases, etc., or co-existence of these factors at the first-trimester of pregnancy, and history of inborn-defect in family and heavy smoking of husbands before conception (P<0.01). 56.5% of the defects caused by long-term exposure to noise was multiple-malformation of muscular and skeletal system. The incidence of inborn-defect of newborn from mountain, hill and plain area was 14.58‰, 9.46‰ and 7.95‰ respectively.