葡萄抗病无核胚挽救育种及分子标记辅助选择

Development of Resitant and Seedless Grape Germplasms by Embryo Rescue and Marker-assisted

以欧洲葡萄无核品种为母本，中国野生葡萄双优，欧山杂种北醉及8个欧洲葡萄品种为父本共进行了16个组合的杂交，通过胚挽救技术获得胚挽救苗55个株系。利用无核基因特异引物GSLP1、抗黑痘病和抗炭疽病基因RAPD标记对杂种株系进行分子检测，杂种中检测出拥有无核基因RAPD标记的22株、拥有抗黑痘病基因RAPD标记的16株、拥有抗炭疽病基因RAPD标记的9株。在这些胚挽救杂种苗中，同时拥有无核、抗黑痘病、抗炭疽病基因RAPD标记的胚挽救苗4株，同时拥有无核和抗黑痘病基因RAPD标记的胚挽救苗9株，同时拥有无核、抗炭疽病基因RAPD标记的胚挽救苗1株。

Sixteen crossings with European seedless grape cultivars as the female parents and Shuanyou of Chinese wild Vitis （V, amurensis cv. Shuangyou）,Beichun from V. viniferaXV, amurensis and 8 European cultivars as the male parents were conducted and then 55 embryo-rescue seedlings were obtained by embryo rescue. The clones were tested with GSLP1 ,a specific primer to seedlessness gene,and RAPD markers of the resistant genes to anthracnose （Sphacerloma ampelinum） and ripe rot （Glomerella cigulata）;22 of them were found to have the RAPD markers of seedlessness gene, 16 of them were found to contain the RAPD markers of the resistant genes to ripe rot ,and 9 of them were found to have the RAPD markers of the resistant genes to anthracnose. Of these embryo-rescue seedlings,there were 4 that contained the RAPD markers of both seedlessness gene and the resistant genes to anthracnose and ripe rot, 9 that contained the RAPD markers of the resistant genes to both anthracnose and ripe rot,and 1 that contained the RAPD markers of seedlessness gene and the resistant genes to anthracnose.