利用马铃薯晚疫病菌粗毒素离体筛选马铃薯抗晚疫病无性系

In vitro Screening of Resistant Potato Clones to Late Blight with Crude Phytophthora infestans Toxin

以3个马铃薯品种叶片外植体的愈伤组织为材料、马铃薯晚疫病病菌培养粗毒素为筛选压力进行马铃薯抗晚疫病细胞变异无性系筛选。结果表明，不同品种的叶片、愈伤组织对毒素有不同的忍耐力。“费乌瑞它”最大忍耐的粗毒素浓度为40％，“东农303”、“早大白”则为50％。马铃薯晚疫病病原菌粗毒素对愈伤组织的诱导、生长、不定芽的分化及再生苗生根有显著的抑制作用，而且浓度越大，抑制作用越强。筛选结果抗性鉴定表明，经过粗毒素筛选的细胞无性系及其再生植株对高浓度租毒素的抗性能力显著高于对照。

The leaf explants of three potato varieties were used as the subject materials to in vitro screen somatically variant clones of potato by means of crude Phytophthora infestans toxin and the results showed that the leaves and calluses of different varieties had different tolerating capacities to the toxin. The maximum tolerant concentration of “Favorite”to the toxin was 40% and those of “Dongnong 303”and “Zaodabai”were 50%. Crude Phytophthora infestans toxin showed significant inhibitory effects on callus induction and growth ,adventitious bud differentiation and regenerated-plantlet rooting,and the inhibitory effects become intensified with the toxin concentration increased. The cellular clones screened by means of crude Phytophthora infestans toxin as well as their regenerated plantlets were tested to have a significantly higher resisting capacity at a high toxin concentration than the controls.