鄂尔多斯沙漠高原区白垩系含水层补给源的探讨

Discussion of the Recharge Source of Cretaceous sandstone in Ardos Desert Plateau

白垩系砂岩是鄂尔多斯高原的主要含水介质,对区内工农业、居民用水具有的重要的作用。大气降水面状入渗补给是白垩系含水层的主要补给来源,占区内补给量的78.5%。鄂尔多斯沙漠高原区影响大气降水入渗补给白垩系砂岩的因素有降雨特征、地形地貌和白垩系砂岩上覆岩性。研究表明,区内不同区域大气降水入渗补给特征不同,主要表现为:1、在区内南部大气降水间接补给砂岩,北部直接补给砂岩2、区内分水岭控制区内整体地下水循环;波状高原上具有梁地—过渡带—洼地分布的地貌特征控制着小区域地下水循环。认识大气降水对白垩系砂岩补给的这些规律,对合理开发利用水资源,保证当地经济可持续性发展具有重要意义。此外,白垩系砂岩的补给来源还有凝结水、地表水(河流、湖淖)、人工回灌等,补给量不大。

Cretaceous sandstone, the main aquifer in Ardos plateau, plays an important role in supplying industry and agriculture using water and inhabitant drinking-water. Precipitation is a major recharge source by plane infiltration to cretaceous sandstone, which occupies per seventyeight point five among total recharge. Three factors, the rainfall characters, landform and lithologic characters covering cretaceous sandstone affect precipitation recharge to cretaceous sandstone. Study shows that precipitation recharge characters are different in each region. The law can be expressed as two points that one is precipitation recharge to cretaceous sandstone by indirect mode in the south of Ardos plateau and contrary in the north, another is that watersheds control phreatic cycle on the hole and landform with characters highland to transition zone then lowland control phreatic cycle in eacla small landform. That laws as above can guide to exploitation and using groundwater and assure economics development in persistence mode. Also, the recharge of cretaceous sandstone include other sources, such as condensation, surface water（ rivers, lakes） and human irritation, which have the important functions to protect ecological environment in Arodos plateau although the recharge amount doesn＇t large.