包头市城市生态支持系统可持续发展的限制因子探讨

ON RESTRICTING ELEMENTS OF THE ECOLOGICAL SUPPORT SYSTEM IN BAOTOU CITY

本文在了解包头市自然环境与社会经济状况的基础上,采用了静态与动态相结合的方法,运用层次分析法从支持水平、协调性、发展能力三个方面构建指标体系,建立研究模型,定性与定量相结合,对包头市的城市生态支持系统自1992年—2001年十年以来的发展轨迹进行了全面深入的研究分析与评价,得出包头市“城市生态支持系统支持水平较低”的结论,在此基础上提出了包头市城市生态支持系统的主要限制因子。目的在于通过对包头市城市生态支持系统的综合水平的分析与评价,正确认识城市发展中存在的问题,提高城市生态支持系统的结构、功能,提高限制因子容量,推动包头市城市生态支持系统的建设,促进城市健康发展。

A city is a complex ecological system. In order to develop, it must resort to a certain ecological support to maintain its fundamental structure and functions. The ecological support system can offer the most fundamental support, such as resources, energy sources, and space, and adjust the speed, scale, and direction of the city＇s development. Due to the rapid development and expansion of cities, as well as serious pollution in many cities, studying the ecological support system of the city contributes to a better understanding of ways to solve its problems. Baotou is situated in a semi-arid region. It is an important industrial city in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, an important energy base, has the largest deposits of rare earth in the world, and is the economic hub of central Inner Mongolia. It is therefore important to Baotou, to Inner Mongolia, and even to other semi-arid regions of China to examine the quality of the ecological support system of Baotou. The author combines static and dynamic methods to study the ecological support system of Baotou city on the basis of the understanding of natural environment, social and economic state of this city and relevant administrative levels, etc. The author also thoroughly analyzes and evaluates the development of the ecological support system from 1992 to 2001, according to geographical, economic, and ecological theory, and with the help of GIS, social and scientific software, and mathematical statistics. The author reaches the conclusion that the level of support of the ecological support system in Baotou is low. Furthermore, the author points out some restricting elements of the ecological support system in Baotou, and profoundly analyzes the main problems. These problems include a shortage of water resources, serious pollution of the environment, a low-quality economy and modes of production, a backward city infrastructure, poor quality of science and technology and related human resources, and a serious ＇brain drain＇ of qualified technicianS. The purpose of the paper is to clearly understand the problems of urban development, to promote urban construction and function, to enlarge the capacity of the restricting elements of the ecological support system of the city, and to offer some practical insights for the city＇s sustained development strategy through the comprehensive analysis and evaluation of the ecological support system of Baotou.