260名临床护士针刺伤现状调查分析

The investigation and analysis on present conditions of nurses being stabbed

目的:了解护士针刺伤害情况及其发生影响因素,探讨有效的干预措施。方法:采用问卷调查法,调查2003年11月至2004年11月260名临床一线护士1年内的针刺伤情况,并对同期注射治疗量进行横断面调查,分析注射治疗量与针刺伤发生频度的关系。结果:①针刺伤率为88.84%;针刺伤频度为每人3.49次/年,小儿科、肝胆外科、急诊科排列在前三位。②针刺伤率和频度均以内科系统最高,外科系统次之,门诊、辅助科室最低。针刺伤频度内、外科系统间、内科系统与门诊及辅助科室间、三组间差异都有统计学意义。③针刺伤频度与注射治疗量正相关,r为0.691,P<0.01。④针刺伤的环节:以注射器用后毁形、操作后丢弃废物时为最高。结论:护士针刺伤的原因是多方面的,要着重从减少注射操作量、严守操作规程、使用安全器具等方面制订具体的防护措施。

Objectives： To find out the present conditions and the related factors that nurses are stabbed, and to discuss effective measures of prevention. Methods： Adopt the method of questionnaire, investigate the conditions of 260 first line clinical nurses being stabbed from Nov. 2003 to Nov. 2004 and investigate the amount of injection treatment during the same term by cross-sectional study. Results： ① The general rate of being stabbed was as much as 88.84%; the general flequency of being stabbed （time/year/person） was 3.49, of which the departments of pediatrics, of liver and gall surgery and of emergency treatment ranked the first, second and third. ② The rate and frequency of being stabbed were the highest in the system of Internal Medicine （95.16%, 4.64±5.6）, after which was the System of Surgery while Out-patient Department and other assistant departments ranked the lowest. It was distinctly meaningful to compare the differences of the rate of being stabbed （%） among the three groups, P〈0.01. ③ It was correlative between the frequency of being stabbed and the amount of injection treatment r=0.691, P〈0.01.④ The tache of being stabbed： It mainly happened when the shape of a injector was demolished after being used or when nurses delt with the final phase after using it. Conclusion： Them exist many causes about nurses＇ being stabbed. Detailed measures for protection should be constituted to reduce the amount of injection operating, detract the peak lime of injection treatment, strictly obey the operating regulations, and use safe instruments.