牡丹根腐病及其防治的研究

Study on Root Rot Disease and Control of Peony

从牡丹园9批64个受病害牡丹样品中分离获得137个分离物,经筛选、纯化、回接试验,依其培养性状和形态特征,将病原菌鉴定为茄腐皮镰孢霉(Fusarium solani).病原菌以菌丝和分生孢子在根部越冬,5～7月为发病盛期.病害的发生与牡丹重茬、土壤酸碱度等因子密切相关.经室内毒力测定和田间药效试验,筛选出了绿亨1号、绿亨2号和50%多福可湿性粉剂等防治根腐病的有效药剂,在新牡丹园防治效果达90%左右,感病指数控制在5左右,对老牡丹园防治效果80%左右,感病指数控制在10左右.

The root rot disease of peony is one of the serious diseases. Average infected individual plant rates in old and new peony garden were up to 35% and about 20% respectively in the cultivation region in Heze, Shandong Province. According to the culturing characters and morphological properties of 137 isolates came from 64 infected root samples among 9 batches after selecting, purifying, re-inoculating testing, the pathogenic fungi of peony root rot disease was finally identified as the Fusarium solani. Overwinter of pathogen mainly depended on mycelia and conidia in the root, the disease was prevalent from May to July. The occurrence of disease had a close relation with those factors including layer stubble and soil acidity and alkalinity. The Luheng 1,Luheng 2 and 50% Duofu were proved to be the effective fungicides for controlling peony root rot by laboratory toxigenicity testing and field fungicides efficacy. The control effect in new and old peony garden was about 90% and 80% respectively while the disease indices of them were controlled about 5 and 10 respectively, by applying 4 times from middle March, the pre-leafing date of peony through middle July. The paper provides a profound and systematic study on the peony root rot disease and will help to promote the development of industrialization of the peony.