新鲜及冷冻同种异体胎兔软骨移植的实验研究

ExperimentalStudyofTransplantationofFreshandFrozenAlogeneicCartilageofFetalRabbit

作者通过胎兔软骨移植实验模型的观察，重点对新鲜及冷冻保存的胎兔软骨移植进行比较，并对实验结果分析探讨，为临床应用提供理论依据。选用成年健康家兔５０只，其中１０只孕兔用于移植软骨供体，另外４０只雌雄不限，随机分为新鲜胎兔软骨移植组和－１９６ｏＣ液氮冷冻保存软骨移植组进行实验。将剖腹取出的胎兔软骨一部分移植到新鲜组兔的股骨的髌股关节面处，另一部分软骨置－１９６ｏＣ液氮罐内保存３周后移植到冷冻组兔的相同部位。软骨移植术后３、６、９、１２周时分别进行ＨＥ染色、透射电镜、形态学观察、Ｓ－１００蛋白免疫组化标记染色、氨基酸分析，并于术前、术后２、３、５周时抽血行淋巴细胞转化试验，对移植软骨免疫反应进行监测。实验结果表明，同种异体胎兔软骨移植可以成活，成活的软骨为透明软骨；新鲜软骨比冷冻保存后移植的软骨成活率高，冷冻保存对软骨细胞的存活是有害的。部分胎兔软骨移植后也存在骨质吸收退变，同时可诱导生成新的软骨。氨基酸分析是判断移植成活软骨性质的可靠指标。新鲜胎儿软骨移植治疗股骨头无菌坏死所致的关节软骨缺损是可行的。

Thepurposeofthisstudyistoofferaclinicalbasisforthecomparisonoftransplantationoffreshandgrozenalogeneiccartilageoffetalrabbit:50healthyadultrabbitswereused.The10preg-nantanimalswereusedasthedonorsand40rabbitsweredividedintotwogroups:onegrouphadtrans-plantationwithfreshfetalcartilageandanotherhaddeepfrozencartilage.Thetransplantationwasper-formedatthepatela-femoralarticularsurface.HEstain.Electronmicroscopicalexamination.S-100proteinimmunofluorescenceandanalysisofaminoacidwereperformedatthe3th,6th,9th,and12thweeksaftertheoperation.Theresultsshowedthatgraftedcartilagecouldsurviveandgrowintohyalinecartilage.Thesurvivalratewashigherinthegroupgraftedwiththefreshcartilagethanthatwiththefrozenone.Freezingwasharmfulforchondrocytes.thecartilagewasabsorbedpartialyanddegenerat-edfolowingtransplantation,thoughitalsoinducedchondrogenesisatthesametime.Aminoacidanaly-sisprovidedareliableindexforthediscriminationofthepropertyofthesurvivedgraftedcartilage.Car-tilagetransplantationseemstobeapreferablemethodforthetreatmentofasepticnecrosisoffemoralhead.