惊恐障碍患者威斯康星卡片分类测验和连续操作测验的对照研究

Wisconsin card sorting test and continue performance test in patients with panic disorder

目的探讨惊恐障碍患者的执行功能和注意功能。方法采用威斯康星分类卡片测验(WCST)和连续操作测验(CPT),对47名惊恐障碍患者和37名健康对照者的执行功能和注意功能进行评估。结果在WCST中,惊恐障碍患者组的总测验次数和随机错误数[分别为(76.9±28.9)次和(30.5±21.9)次]高于正常对照组[分别为(64.1±26.1)次和(18.7±15.6)次(均P<0.05)];正确反应数和分类数[分别为(24.1±2.8)次和(4.8±0.6)次]均少于对照组[分别为(25.0±0.0)次和(5.0±0.0)次](P<0.05～0.01);持续错误数[(22.3±12.1)次]与对照组[(20.4±12.9)次]相比,差异无显著性(P>0.05)。惊恐障碍患者组CPT四项指标[CPT、CPT1、CPT2和CPT3分别为(30.3±4.2)次、(10.4±2.2)次、(9.2±1.9)次和(10.6±1.4)次]与对照组[CPT、CPT1、CPT2和CPT3分别为(31.0±2.2)次、(10.7±0.8)次、(9.2±1.7)次和(10.9±0.3)次]间的差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论惊恐障碍患者可能存在执行功能缺陷,而注意功能未受损害。

Objective To explore the executive and attention function of patients with panic disorder. Methods 47 patients with panic disorder and 37 normal controls were used the Wisconsin Card Sorting test （WCST） and Continue performance test （CPT） to study the executive and attention function. Results Compared with the controls （ total trials were 64. 1 ± 26. 1, random errors were 18.7 ± 15.6, categories were 5.0 ± 0.0, correct trials were 25.0 ± 0.0, perseverative errors were 20.4 ± 12.9, respectively）, total trials and random errors （ 76.9 ± 28.9 and 30.5 ± 21.9, respectively）of patients increased, categories and correct trials （4.8 ± 0.6 and 24. 1 ± 2.8, respectively） decreased （ all P 〈 0.05 ） , but perseverative errors （ 22.3 ± 12. l ） were not changed （ P 〉 0.05 ）. As to the CPT, there was no significant difference between patients and controls（ CPT = 30.3 ±4.2 and 31.0 ± 2.2,respectively） （ P〉 0.05 ）. Conclusion Patients with panic disorder may have executive function impairments and no attention impairments.