电刺激半月板无血区愈合的组织学特征

HistologicalCharacteristicsoftheHealingofInjuriedAvascularPortionoftheMeniscusUnderDirectMicrocurrentStimulation

半月板无血运区的损伤是不能自然愈合的，如何能使半月板无血区愈合已经成为骨科临床上的一大难题。我们根据微电流刺激骨生长的理论，采用自行设计的微量直流电刺激器，用２０只成年杂种狗作为实验动物，在每只狗双后肢膝外侧半月板无血运区造成纵形裂伤，随机分为实验组和对照组。１２周后实验组均出现愈合，自身对照组均未愈合。本文对电刺激半月板愈合光镜、电镜组织学特征进行了观察及讨论，认为半月板无血运区组织细胞并非惰性细胞，它们具备有潜在的再生能力，而电刺激具有诱导软骨细胞分化、增殖作用，并能促进毛细血管趋向性增生和胶原合成及排列。

Tearsintheavascularportionofthemenisciofthekneearedificulttohealup.Basedonthetheoryofelectricalstimulationonosteogenesis,thisstudywasconductedtoobservethehealingprocessoftheinjuriedavascularportionofthemenisciofthekneeunderelectricalstimulation.Twentyadultmaledogswereusedforthestudy.Longitudinalincisionsweremadeintheavascularportionofthelateralmenisciofbilateralknees.Theanimalswererandomlydividedinto2groups.Theexperi-mentalgrouphadtheelectriccurrentstimulationandthecontrolgroupswithoutthestimulation.Theresultsrevealedhealingofaltheinjuriedmenisciunderelectricstimulationandnoneofthetearsofthemenisciinthecontrolgrouphealedup.Histologicalexcaminationshowedthatattwoweeksalthetearsintheexperimentalgrouphealedpartialyandatthefourthweek,thetearswerecompletelyfiledwithgranulationtissue.Bythe12thweek,thetearswerehealedupbyfibrocartilage.Theauthorsbelievethatdirectmicrocurrentstimulationcaninducethecelularmitosisandproliferation.Itincreasedthevascularzationandchemotaxis.Directmicrocurrentstimulationalsopromotedcolagensynthesis.