美国在关贸总协定机制下的对捷政策(1948—1951)

America's Policy Towards Czechoslovakia under the GATT Regime(1948-1951)

作为对捷克斯洛伐克“二月事件”的反应,美国在关贸总协定机制下的对捷政策随即发生了根本性转变,其战略意图就是孤立和排斥捷克斯洛伐克,其主要目标是寻求中止对捷克斯洛伐克的关贸总协定义务。凭借美国在关贸总协定机制中占据主导地位的影响力并经过积极的外交努力,美国的战略意图和政策目标基本实现。因此,1948-1951年间美国在关贸总协定机制下的对捷政策再次表明,美国在一定意义上已经将1947年关贸总协定机制作为推行“冷战”战略和遏制政策的有力工具。

In response to the “February Events” in Czechoslovakia, America＇s policy towards Czechoslovakia under the GATT regime was fundamentally changed. The strategic intention of U. S. was to isolate and exclude Czechoslovakia, and the major objective of U.S. was to seek to suspend America＇s GATT obligations to Czechoslovakia. Relying on the dominant influence in the GATT regime and by means of vigorous diplomatic efforts, America＇s strategic intention and objective were realized on the whole. Therefore, America＇s policy towards Czechoslovakia under the GATT regime from 1948 to 1951 proved once again that U. S. had, in a sense, taken the GATT regime of 1947 as a strong instrument to carry out the policy of“cold war” and containment.