舌脉诊和舌瓣外科有关的动脉形态学研究

Morphologic studies on lingual artery related to tongue collateral vessels inspection and tongue flap surgery

观察了５０侧舌动脉剥制标本和１４侧舌动脉或动静脉铸型腐蚀标本．根据其走行，舌动脉应分为起始段、舌骨舌肌段、舌深动脉升段和舌深动脉水平段．舌根血供来自舌根动脉（平均２．３支）、腭升动脉和扁桃体动脉；舌体血供来自舌深动脉发出的舌体动脉（平均２５．１支）；舌下动脉供应舌下腺、舌腹侧和口底组织；舌系带动脉由舌深动脉末端分支与面动脉颏下支吻合组成．舌两侧的舌根动脉和舌体动脉被舌中隔完全分开，仅有舌背面粘膜下动脉网越过中线；舌根、舌体中份背面和舌尖偶可见０．２ｍｍ左右的血管吻合．

The morphological structure of lingual artery was studied in fifty dissected and 14 vascular cast specimens. The course of the artery is divided into 4 segments :original ,within the hyoglossal muscle ,ascending and horizontal of deep lingual artery. The root of the tongue ~s supplied by 2 to 3 root branches of the lingual artery, the ascending palatine artery and the tonsillar artery. The body of the tongue is nourished by an average of 25 arterial branches from the ascending and horizontal segments of the lingual artery. The ventral part of tongue,as well as the sublingual gland and the floor of mouth are supplied by the sublingual artery. The end of the lingual artery anastomoses with the submental branch of facial artery to form the lingual frenal artery. All blood vessels but some submucous arterial net work on the dorsal side of the tongue are separated by the lingual septum completely. Arterial anastomoses(2. 0 mm in diameter) can be found occasionally through the lingual septum.