喉上神经的应用解剖

Clinical anatomy of superior laryngeal nerve

解剖２０３例喉上神经内、外支．并对喉上神经的内、外支与舌骨大角平面、甲状腺上动脉、甲状腺侧叶上极、入喉处与甲状软骨上缘的距离，喉外支与喉上神经三角的关系进行了研究．喉上神经外支比内支小，沿胸骨甲状肌和甲状腺上动脉深面，喉外支位于甲状腺上动脉内侧占８４．２％（１７１例），喉外支位于甲状腺上动脉后方占１３．７％（２８侧），穿咽下缩肌绕甲状腺下方达环甲肌并支配该肌．提出舌骨大角平面、甲状腺上动脉、甲状软骨上切迹、甲状腺侧叶上极、喉上神经三角是识别喉上神经外支的简便、可靠、实用的解剖学标志和提出手术中避免损伤喉上神经内、外支方法．

The superior laryngeal nerve was dissected on 203 sides of cadaveric specimens. The external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve is smaller than the internal branch It descends posteriorly and medially to the sternothyroid muscle and the superior thyroid artery in 199 sides of the specimens (97. 9%) and perforates the inferior pharyngeal constrictor before reaching the cricothyroid muscle. Key points in preventinng from injuring of the internal and external branches of the superior laryngeal nerve was proposed.