婴儿慢性肝炎、肝硬化和肝细胞癌的病理研究

Pathologic studies on chronic active hepatitis,liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in infants

收集婴儿慢性肝炎（ＣＨ）、婴儿肝硬化（Ｃｉ）和婴儿肝细胞癌（ＨＣＣ）的标本，进行一般病理学、免疫病理学和超微结构研究。结果显示婴儿ＣＨ、Ｃｉ和ＨＣＣ具有乙型肝炎病毒（ＨＢＶ）感染、慢性活动性肝病和卵圆细胞增生的共同背景。并对婴儿ＨＢＶ感染途径，ＨＢｘＡｇ与ＨＣＣ的关系，卵圆细胞增生在婴儿ＣＨ、Ｃｉ演变为婴儿ＨＣＣ中的作用进行了探讨。

Chronic hepatitis(CH),liver cirrhosis(Ci)and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)in infants were studied by light and electron microsocopy and immunohistochemical techniques. The results indicated that the CH, Ci and HCC in infants have the same background of HBV infection, chronic active liver diseases and oval cells proliferation. In this paper, the pathway of HBV infection were discussed and there were a possibility of intrauterine HBV infection resulting in fetal accute hepatitis and a further development of CH and Ci in fetus/infants. Oval cells proliferation could possibly make some important offerings for CH and Ci in neonates to develop HCC. 3 out of 4 HCC cases in neonates were HBxAg positive. It was suggested that highly expressed HBxAg in HCC in neonates active the transcription of hepatocellular regulation of genes and play an important role in the pathogenesis of HCC.