土坝坝坡栽培结缕草草皮的技术及护坡效果

Technique of Turfing Japanese Lawngrass on Slope of Earthy Dyke and Its Protection Effect

土质坝坝坡易遭暴雨径流冲蚀而破坏，草皮护坡是常用的一种护坡措施．山东省招远市采用当地野生的结缕草进行坝坡防护，取得良好效果。结缕草耐旱、耐寒、耐瘠薄、耐践踏碾压。抗逆性强，根系发达，茎叶茂密，繁殖生长快，是优良水土保持草种。该市勾山水库下游坝坡，１９９０年按照一定的栽培、管护技术进行结缕草护坡，护坝面积２．６７万ｍ２，栽植成活率达９８％，两年后完全覆盖坝面，经６个汛期３２次暴雨袭击，坝坡未发现水毁现象，较采用人工培植的专用草皮护坡节省资金１３．３５万元。结缕草草皮护坡已在招远市库坝工程中推广应用。

Earthy dyke slope of reserviors and dams is easily rushed away and destroyed by strom runoff. Protecting slope with turf is an usual slope protection measure. Protecting dyke slope with local wild Japanese lawngrass in Zhaoyuan Manicipality of Shandong Province has gained better effect. Japanese lawngrass is a drought-enduring, cold-tolerance, barren-enduring plant with strong inversion resistivity, flourishing roots and dense leaves and rapid growth, so it is a good grass species for soil and water conservation. By using a certain cultivation and management technique, protecting low dyke slope of Goushan reservior in Zhaoyuan Manicipality with 26. 7thousand ha of Japanese lawngrass turf was conducted in 1990, the planting survival ratio was 98%. Two years later ) the dyke slope was covered completely. The dyke slope was not destroyed by rainfall through 32 rainstorms in 6 flood periods. Protecting slope with Japanese lawngrass turf can save 133. 5 thousand yuan than that with man-made special-purpose turf, and this technique has popularized in dam and reservior project in Zhaoyuan Manicipality.