花溪地区煤锈水及煤锈田化学性状的初步研究

Studied on the Chemical Properties of Paddy Soil Polluted by the Coal Mine Water in Huaxi Area

通过土壤测试和水化学分析，研究了贵阳市花溪地区煤锈水和煤锈田的化学性状。煤锈水含有大量Ｆｅ２＋、Ｍｎ２＋和ＳＯ４－的矿毒水，受其污染使水稻土呈极强酸性，对碱具有很强的缓冲能力。土壤中存在大量的Ａｌ３＋、Ｆｅ３＋、Ｍｎ２＋等有毒物质，严重影响水稻生长，甚至无法成活。由于微生物活动受抑制，养分分解受阻，煤锈田氮、磷养分有效性很低，大多数严重缺钾。

The chemical properties of paddy soil polluted by coal mine watr were studied by soil test and hydrochemical analysis. The main results are as follows. The acidity of paddy soil polluted by coal mine water is very high and soil buffer capacity is very strong. As a result of the pollution, the decomposition and the release of soil nutrients were restrained,Al3+、Fe2+、Mn2+ which are harmful to growth of rice plants, accumulated in the paddy soils. Beside the low availibilities of N adn P, the polluted paddy soil is usually deficient in potassium.