Lorenz曲线和Gini系数在社区卫生服务资源配置公平性评价中的应用

The Lorenz Curve, Gini Coefficient and Their ApplicAtion Study on Fairness of Resource Allocation for Community Health Services

目的:探讨洛伦茨曲线和基尼系数对社区卫生服务资源配置公平性评价的效果,为社区卫生资源合理配置评价方法提供实践依据。方法:采用分层整群随机抽样的方法,对5城市7城区社区卫生服务主管机构采取入户访谈和专题讨论的方式进行调查。结果:调查地区社区卫生技术人员、社区卫生服务机构资源在人口配置上其Gini系数分别为0.1962、0.2421,政府对社区卫生服务投入经费Gini系数为0.5759,接近高度不公平的危险状态。结论:调查地区政府对社区卫生服务投入经费公平程度较低,而社区卫生技术人员和社区卫生服务机构资源在人口配置上已达到较好的公平性。

Object： To investigate the effect in the evaluation on fair resource allocation for community health services by the Lorenz curve and Gini coefficient, and provide the empirical study result for applying these methods in evaluation of the above mentioned aspect. Methods： 7 organizations were randomly selected with cluster sampling in 5 cities by means of questionnaire and observation. Results： the results of analysis by the Lorenz curve and Gini coefficient showed that the Gini coefficient were separately 0.1962, 0.2421 , according to medical workers and organ numbers of the community health service on local population resource distributing, but the Gini coefficient was 0.5759 in terms of local governments devoting outlay for the community health service, the Gini coefficient was close to inequity danger status. Conclusions： The equity degree is lower on local governments of investigated areas for devoting ouday of the community health service, however the equity degree is approach to better equity on according to medical workers and organ numbers of the community health service in term of local population resource distributing.