真空热处理炉瞬态传热过程有限元模拟

FEM Simulation of Transient Heat Transfer Process of Vacuum Heat Treatment Furnace

根据非线性有限元法，提出了一个二维真空热处理炉瞬态传热过程有限元模型。该模型考虑了辐射传热、材料热物性随温度变化和边界条件等因素的影响。利用MSC．Marc有限元软件对真空热处理炉各层间的温度分布和炉温均匀性进行了计算。分析了真空炉隔热屏各层间的传热过程。对炉温均匀性进行了实验测量，模拟结果与实验结果吻合较好。该模型的建立为真空炉的虚拟制造和真空热处理工艺的优化奠定了理论基础。

On the basis of non-linear finite element method, a two dimensional （2D）transient heat transfer finite element model of vacuum furnace was developed. The complicated nonlinear factors such as ratiative heat transfer, temperature-dependent properties of material and boundary conditions are considered in this model. The finite element software MSC.Marc was used to calculate the temperature distribution of All-metal radiation shields and uniformity of furnace temperature. Heat transfer process of All-metal radiation shields was analysed. An experiment for measuring the uniformity of furnace temperature was carried out. The results of numerical simulation agree well with the experimental results. This model lays a theoretical foundation for virtual manufacture of vacuum heat treatment furnace and optimizing technical parameters of vacuum heat treatment process.