晋代史官选任制度考论

An Exploration of Selection and Designation System for Historiographers in Jin Dynasty

晋代是中国古代史官制度发展史上的重要时期,在继承了曹魏始创的史官制度———著作官制度的基础上又有所完善,史官的选任更为严格,但由于晋代史官选任制度受到了九品中正制的较大影响,许多士族子弟依靠门第得任史官,从而造成了晋代史官虽多但堪当史任者却相对较少,高水平的史著也不多见的现象。另外,晋代史官选任制度对南北朝亦产生了较大影响。

Jin Dynasty is an important stage in the evolution of ancient China＇s selection and designation system for historiographers. Based on the system for historiographers originated in Wei Kingdom in the Three Kingdoms period the system of composers, J in Dynasty furthered developed its own selection and designation system for historiographers, which turned out to be more rigorous. However, in Jin Dynasty, such a system was influenced by the hierarchical system of the government offi- cials, therefore many descendents of government officials, via their forefathers＇ privileges, got the posts as historiographers.Despite the great number of historiographers, few of them were qualified and could produce high quality historical writings. Besides, the Jin Dynasty＇s selection and designation system for historiographers also exerted much influence upon that of the South-North Dyansty.