1998年前后鄱阳湖区土地利用变化分析

Change of land utilization in Po-yang Lake zone around 1998

根据1997和2000年鄱阳湖区的土地利用情况统计结果,分析了环鄱阳湖12县市土地利用的变化情况,结果表明:1998年前后鄱阳湖区变化最大的土地利用类型分别是未利用地(-42.44%)和水域(+28.95%),交通用地(+7.97%)和园地(-6.40%)变化也较大。八大类土地利用类型中,水域、交通用地、居民点及工矿用地的面积在增长,其他类型用地都在不同程度减少,其主要影响因素包括人口的压力、社会的发展、退田还湖工程的实施等。结合鄱阳湖区“人—地—水”关系、土地整理潜力等进行分析,认为鄱阳湖区土地整理应致力于环湖区的生态建设,把治理、开发和发展结合起来,将土地整理由单纯追求耕地增长转向全面提高土地生产能力和改善生态环境,这也是“退田还湖,移民建镇”工程“退得出、稳得住、能发展、不反迁”的关键。本研究结果可为调整鄱阳湖区土地利用结构,挖掘土地整理潜力提供基础信息。

To evaluate the present situation of land use in Po-yang Lake region in 1997 and 2000, the changes of cultivated land, forest land, garden plot, meadow, resident land, traffic land, water areas, and non utilize land were analyzed aiming at 12 counties and cities surrounding Po-yang Lake. The biggest changes of the lands are non-utilize land （ -42.44% ） and water areas （ ＋28.95% ） around 1998, and then the traffic land （ ＋ 7.97% ） and the garden plot （ - 6.40% ）. Among eight major kinds of land utilizations, the utilizations of water, traffic, residential and industrial, and mining areas are increasing, while all the others are reducing in various degrees. Based the analysis on the relationships of “person-land-water” and the land readjustment potentiality in Po-yang Lake region, we suggest that the attention should be paid to the ecological environment and the combination of management, exploitation and development. We should pursue the land productivity and the improvement ecological environment instead of only the cultivated land growth. We should also reduce the cultivated land to recovery the original lake region.