解放“我”于“天地之大美”——道家美学精神新论

Man and Nature: A New Interpretation of Taoist Aestheticism

20世纪以来,从美学的角度研究道家哲学,是中国美学史的一个基本课题。在中国美学史中,道学的意义恰与儒学的意义相对照:儒学的意义在于以“仁”的理想为核心,提出了以个体人格培养为艺术主题、以“中和”为艺术理想的美学理论;道学的意义则在于,以“自然”的理想为核心,提出了追求个体精神和生命自由,复归于“天地与我并生,而万物与我为一”的自然境界的美学理论。

Since the 20th century, the study of Taoist philosophy from the perspective of aestheticism has been a focus in the aesthetic studies of China. In the history of Chinese aestheticism, the significance of Taoism and the significance of Confucianism find expression in the following contrast. Confucianism has the ideal of “benevolence” as the core and, in aestheticism, proposes the training of personal character as the artistic theme and the “the Doctrine of the Mean” as the artistic ideal, while Taoism has the ideal of “nature” as the core and, in aestheticism, proposes the pursuit of individualism and freedom as well as “co-existence of man and nature”.